A New Target to Boost Cancer Immunotherapy: LAG-3
Emerging research suggests that cancer therapies such as checkpoint inhibitors could be advanced by targeting a new protein. The protein, known as lymphocyte activation gene-3 or LAG-3, may prove particularly useful in improving patient responses to existing cancer treatments. Killing Cancer with …
How Cancer Immunotherapy Checkpoint Inhibitors Work
Skin cancers, lung cancers, lymphomas—though these cancers affect different parts of the body, they can all be treated with one of the latest therapies medicine has to offer: checkpoint inhibitors. This family of anticancer drugs can treat over 25 different types of …
A New Immunotherapy For Cancer: PD-L2
PD-1 checkpoint proteins on T cells (blue) can bind to two different receptors: PD-L1 and PD-L2.ACCESS HEALTH INTERNATIONAL There are many ways to climb a mountain. This saying especially rings true in cancer research, where scientists are probing several avenues to combat …
Potential Transcriptional Enhancers in Coronaviruses: From Infectious Bronchitis Virus to SARS-CoV-2
Abstract Coronaviruses constitute a global threat to human and animal health. It is essential to investigate the long-distance RNA-RNA interactions that approximate remote regulatory elements in strategies, including genome circularization, discontinuous transcription, and transcriptional enhancers, aimed at rapid replication of their large …
Tackling Hard-to-Treat Tumors
Solid tumors are notoriously difficult to suppress. They survive and thrive in the body despite best efforts to control them—resisting even the latest immunotherapies such as PD-1 and PD-L1 targeting checkpoint inhibitors. One of the ways researchers are trying to address this …
Forty years of HIV research inspires the development of SARS-CoV-2 therapy
Originally published October 23, 2023. Almost four decades ago, the characterization of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome with the participation of the Haseltine laboratory at Harvard Medical School (Ratner et al., 1985) ushered in the antiretroviral era and established …
How Your Brain Makes Utilitarian Decisions
KEY POINTS The brain’s ventromedial prefrontal cortex compares diverse preferences for utilitarian welfare decisions. Study shows the brain’s ability to represent others’ preferences, crucial for complex social interactions. Insights challenge traditional moral philosophy notions, offering potential for more nuanced decision-making. How do …
Subconscious Fear: The Role of the Lower Brain
KEY POINTS Fear is essential for survival, but excessive fear can lead to anxiety disorders. Recent research reveals the cerebellum’s role in fear regulation beyond motor control. Understanding cerebellar involvement in fear offers insights for anxiety disorder treatments. Fear is a fundamental emotion necessary for …
In Vivo RNA Injection: A New Treatment for Cancer, Autoimmune Disease and Gene Therapy
Over the last thirty years, protein-based injections and DNA therapeutics accounted for the majority of newly introduced treatments. However, these medicines remain out of reach for many around the world due to high pricing, with some therapies ranging from thousands to several …
How Your Brain Recognizes Emotion Through Brain Circuitry
KEY POINTS Emotion recognition, involving complex brain circuits, is vital for social interaction and survival. A new study links specific brain regions—the prefrontal and retrosplenial cortex—to emotion processing. Understanding these circuits may lead to targeted therapies for psychiatric disorders. The ability to …
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